Staircase is an essential attribute of every house. It can be internal or external, marble, wooden, concrete or metal. The basic requirement is comfortable movement. If you want to enjoy the movement, you should consider the sizes of tread and riser when building this structure.

Construction of the staircase

Every staircase consists of several details. Tread is a place where you should put your foot. There are standard sizes of tread. Usually, they are designed for the average foot length and constitute the width of step from 25 to 30 cm (but not more).

Riser is a height of every tread. It determines the comfort of the whole staircase, as well as the size of every step. According to the adopted standards and norms, it must be from 14 to 17 cm. With other indicators, lifting device becomes uncomfortable.

Right calculation for planning the stairs is composed of the double sum of the height of the riser and the width of tread based on the international standard sizes of the steps (60-66 cm). For example, the height is 15 cm, so the double amount is 30 cm. The width is calculated by subtracting this amount from the standard norms, i.e. the width of tread is 60 – 30= 30 cm.

Types of stairs

Every staircase is obligated to perform one function – fast and comfortable rise to the necessary floor or elevation.
These dimensions depend directly on the type of object. They can be:

Inter-level

These stairs allow you to move from one floor to another. They are divided into several types:

  • Winding structure is the most economical model for the small rooms, but not the best option for the movement. During its installation, you must carefully calculate the value of tread and riser. The correct ratio of height and width of every step can reduce any inconveniences.
  • Intermediate type is a combination of winding and march structures. Unlike the march staircase, it doesn’t have an intermediate platform for rest. However, it doesn’t go in circles as a winding model. In such structure, the height of riser is calculated separately for the march and winding part.

Outdoor structures

Usually, this is a porch of the house, which consists of several steps and a platform. The riser of such structure is calculated based on the surrounding landscape. In this, the tread is fully oriented towards these values. In some projects, riser can be wholly absent (especially in metal objects). However, the riser should still be calculated as if it was present.

The architecture of lifting facilities must harmonize with the building or natural landscape and serve as their decoration.

If the staircase is intended for climbing the hill or moving from one level of the street to the other, the rise in different stairs can have different figure. Incorrect calculations for such structures make the rise uncomfortable and even dangerous for the people with cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this seemingly minor touch in the construction of lifting device dictates its terms for designing the stairs – as an inclination angle of the stairs, width of tread, etc.

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